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Bolehkah harga kereta turun 20-30%...
Menurunkan kadar cukai eksais bermakna 'membunuh itik angsa yang mengeluarkan telur emas,' kata Dr Rosli Yaakop. Seorang pakar ekonomi tidak yakin kerajaan dapat mengurangkan harga kereta sebanyak 20-30% secara berperingkat-peringkat sehingga tahun 2017.
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“Manakala manifesto Pakatan Rakyat, yang diumumkan lebih awal juga menjanjikan perkara yang sama,” kata beliau yang juga bekas Timbalan Gabenor Bank Negara. Namun jalan yang dipilih oleh Pakatan ialah dengan menurunkan cukai eksais ke atas kereta.
Tetapi Umno-BN masih belum menunjukkan jalan bagi menurunkan harga kereta kerana cukai eksais ke atas kereta menghasilkan RM7 bilon pungutan cukai. Menurunkan kadar cukai eksais bermakna ‘membunuh itik angsa yang mengeluarkan telur emas,’ katanya.
Menurutnya, walaupun harga kereta ditentukan oleh kuasa penawaran dan permintaan, kos pengeluaran dan mark-up keuntungan, yang ketara di Malaysia ialah kadar cukai yang tinggi dan cara pengiraan cukai yang membawa kepada kesan “cukai atas cukai” adalah komponen utama harga kenderaan di Malaysia.
“Kecuali sesuatu dilakukan ke atas struktur cukai berkenaan, khasnya dalam keadaan kos pengeluaran yang terus meningkat, sukar untuk harga kereta diturunkan sebanyak 20-30% sebagaimana yang dijanjikan,” katanya.
Semalam, akhbar Utusan Malaysia menyiarkan berita di muka hadapan bertajuk “10 model kereta turun harga: Penurunan pertama secara berperingkat hingga 2017″.
Akhbar itu melaporkan bahawa kerajaan memenuhi janjinya untuk menurunkan harga kereta secara berperingkat apabila lima syarikat pengeluar kenderaan telah mengumumkan penurunan harga 10 model kereta keluaran mereka.
Penurunan antara RM449 hingga RM12,775 (0.7 hingga 11 peratus) dalam tempoh Januari hingga Mei tahun ini membabitkan model kereta keluaran Peugeot, Proton, Perodua, Volkswagen dan Honda.
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Dasar fiskal
Menteri Perdagangan Antarabangsa dan Industri, Datuk Seri Mustapa Mohamed juga mengakui bahawa agak sukar untuk kerajaan mengorbankan pendapatan sebanyak RM7 bilion hasil dari cukai kereta ketika negara sedang berusaha untuk mengukuhkan dasar fiskal.
“Tidak mudah untuk mana-mana kerajaan untuk berpisah dengan RM7 bilion, terutama pada ketika kerajaan komited untuk mengurangkan defisit belanjawan,” katanya ketika diwawancara The Edge keluaran terbaru.
Beliau berkata kerajaan bercadang untuk mengurangkan defisit belanjawan kepada 4 peratus dari Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK) tahun ini dari 4.5 peratus tahun 2012.
Menurut Dr Rosli, adalah lebih baik lagi bila penurunan cukai dipakej dengan langkah-langkah seperti menangani isu AP, pembaikan sistem pengangkutan awam, pembaikan dalam kawalan dan penyuraian trafik dan sebagainya.
“Cukai ke atas import kereta mewah boleh dikekalkan tinggi tetapi jenis kereta yang rakyat terbanyak mahu beli dan guna biarlah harganya cukup rendah,” katanya.- fmt
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GE13 poll day is over – what about our cheap cars...
The reality is that announcements of reduced import duties have minimal effect on the prices of cars here in Malaysia. The duty contributors to the cost of cars here in Malaysia is sales tax, excise duty, and import duty. We get most of our CBU cars and CKD assembly kits from Japan, Indonesia or Thailand, and under the Malaysia-Japan FTA as well as the ASEAN FTA, import duties are already minimal.Excise duties are currently between 75% to 105% for passenger cars, 60% to 105% for MPVs, and 65% to 105% for 4X4 vehicles. Duties are calculated based on engine capacity, with the lowest band being engines with displacements below 1,800 cc and the highest band being engines with displacements above 3,000 cc. So basically, the high prices are because of excise duty.
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According to Malaysian Automotive Institute CEO Madani Sahari, the average effective rate of excise duty applied to most major car brands here in Malaysia is claimed to be about 40%. This reduction of effective rate is said to be due to value added activities in the CKD process. Basically, the more of your car that you build in Malaysia, the less excise duty you pay.
Quite simply, companies basically have to take out their calculators and decide if it’s worth it incurring the additional cost of local assembly and sourcing versus the reduction of duties, and if it makes financial sense, they have the option of working on it. The Industrial Adjustment Fund that was established with the 2006 NAP review is one mechanism that allows rebates/credits to be given based on domestic content.
This is where national makes like Proton gets an advantage – despite an equally high excise duty, it gets rebates because its cars are developed locally. Supposedly, anyone who meets the fund requirements are able to get the same incentives, but it’s safe to say only companies like Proton and Perodua are that much invested in the Malaysian auto industry.
It’s still possible to work some magic here though. I was told the Nissan Almera is ‘kicking ass’ in terms of localisation and that’s how ETCM was able to price it at RM66.8k to RM78.8k, which is quite comparable to how the Vios is priced in Thailand. I can’t find a reference price point for the Almera in Thailand because it’s only available with a 1.2 litre engine there, priced between 429,000 Thai baht (RM44k) to 599,000 Thai baht (RM61k).
So in reality, while Proton’s 50% excise duty rebate was removed when NAP 2006 was announced, in a way the income lost thanks to the 50% rebate was converted into the IAF mechanism, and naturally Proton (and Perodua) qualifies since a lot of the manufacturing and R&D are done in Malaysia. In Proton’s annual reports, R&D grants received from the governemnt amounted to RM297.7 mil in 2011, RM143.7 mil in 2010 and RM80.6 mil in 2009.
...continue reading here.
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cheers.
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