source: KKM
In the emergency rooms of the Covid-19 hotspots around the world, the medical practitioners are seeing a greater number of men than women suffering from the severe symptoms of this deadly virus, with obesity emerging as another potentially aggravating factor. This trend is very similar to the pattern in Wuhan, where the virus first emerged at the end of last year.
Symptoms of Covid-19 are non specific and the disease presentation can range from no symptoms ( asymptomatic ) to severe pneumonia and death. The typical signs and symptoms could include fever ( 87.9% ), dry cough ( 67.7% ), fatigue ( 38.1% ), sputum production ( 33.4% ), shortness of breath ( 18.6% ), muscle or joint pain ( 14.8% ), sore throat ( 13.9% ), headache ( 13.6% ), chills ( 11.4% ), nausea or vomiting ( 5.0% ), nasal congestion ( 4.8% ), diarrhea ( 3.7% ), coughing up blood ( 0.9% ) and eye congestion ( 0.8% ).
Approximately 80% of the laboratory confirmed patients have had mild to moderate disease, 13.8% had severe disease and about 6.1% were critical. The overall mortality rate was around 2%. Asymptomatic infection had been reported but appears to be relatively low and does not appear to be a major driver of transmission.
Comorbid patients are at the highest risk for severe disease and death from Covid-19 and they may be suffering from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory disease or cancer. Most of the severe cases are men and many of them are obese. A possible explanation for this trend could be men do not take care of their bodies like the women do and they have a higher number of smokers and alcohol users.
The disease in children appears to be relatively rare and mild with approximately 2.4% of the total cases reported among individuals under 19 years old. A very small proportion of those under 19 years had develop severe ( 2.5% ) or critical ( 0.25 ) diseases.
Mortality increases with age, with the highest mortality among people over 80 years of age with a case fatality rate of 21.9%. The case fatality rate is higher among males compared to females ( 4.7% v 2.8% ). By occupation, patients who reported as being retirees had the highest case fatality rate at 8.9%. While patients who reported no comorbid conditions had a case fatality rate of just 1.4%, and patients with comorbid conditions had much higher rates; 13.2% for cardiovascular diseases, 9.2% for diabetes, 8.4% for hypertension, 8.0% for chronic respiratory diseases and 7.6% for cancer.
Obesity adds to the health risks in general and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and hypertension were identified as the other aggravating factors of the Covid-19 illness.
PLEASE NOTE: THE FIGURES IN THE PARENTHESES AND IN PERCENTAGES WERE OBTAINED FROM THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S DATABANK. THESE FIGURES MAY VARY FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY.
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