Japanese Emperor Akihito will abdicate today, in favour of his elder son, ending a three-decade reign during which he sought to ease the painful memories of World War II and engage with people, including the marginalised in society.
The abdication, the first by a Japanese monarch in two centuries, will be marked by a brief and relatively simple ceremony in the Imperial Palace's prestigious Matsu no ma, or Hall of Pine. About 300 people will attend and it will be broadcast live on television.
Akihito, 85, was the first Japanese monarch to take the throne under a post-war constitution that defines the emperor as a symbol of the people without political power.
His father, Hirohito, in whose name Japanese troops fought World War II, was considered a living deity until after Japan's defeat in 1945, when he renounced his divinity.
Akihito, together with Empress Michiko, his wife of 60 years and the first commoner to marry an imperial heir, carved out an active role as a symbol of reconciliation, peace and democracy.
"I think the emperor is loved by the people. His image is one of encouraging the people, such as after disasters, and being close to the people," Morio Miyamoto, 48, said as he waited near a train station in western Tokyo.
"I hope the next emperor will, like the Heisei emperor, be close to the people in the same way," he said.
Akihito, who has had treatment for prostate cancer and heart surgery, said in a televised address in 2016 that he feared his age would make it hard for him to carry out his duties fully.
'Sacred treasures'
Akihito will report his abdication on this morning at sanctuaries inside the Imperial Palace grounds, one honouring the sun goddess Amaterasu Omikami, from whom mythology says the imperial line is descended, and two others honouring departed emperors and Shinto gods.
The abdication ceremony will take place in the afternoon with attendees including Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Empress Michiko, Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako, as well as the heads of both Houses of Parliament and Supreme Court justices.
Imperial chamberlains will carry state and privy seals into the room along with two of Japan's "Three Sacred Treasures" - a sword and a jewel - which together with a mirror are symbols of the throne. They are said to originate in ancient mythology.
Abe will announce the abdication and Akihito will make his final remarks as emperor.
Naruhito, 59 (photo), will become emperor in separate ceremonies tomorrow. Naruhito, who studied at Oxford, is likely to continue an active role and together with Harvard-educated Masako to give the monarchy a cosmopolitan tinge.
Police have tightened security near the Imperial Palace, a 115-hectare site that is home to the emperor and empress in the heart of Tokyo. Media said several thousand police officers were being mobilised in the capital over the next few days.
Today marks the last day of the Heisei imperial era, which began on Jan 8, 1989, after Akihito inherited the throne. The era saw economic stagnation, natural disasters and rapid technological change.
Akihito officially remains emperor until midnight, when the new Reiwa era, meaning "beautiful harmony", begins.
Japanese traditionally refer to the date by the era name, or "gengo", a system originally imported from China, on documents, calendars and coins but many people also use the Western calendar.
- Reuters
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